China has expanded its ocean observation and environmental monitoring capabilities by successfully launching the Haiyang-2E (HY-2E) marine satellite. The satellite was sent into orbit aboard a Long March 4B rocket, which departed from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China at 7:46 a.m. Beijing time on Thursday. This launch marks the 654th mission of the Long March rocket series, highlighting China’s ongoing commitment to enhancing its space program.
The HY-2E satellite, developed by the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), is the latest in the Haiyang-2 series, China’s pioneering satellite network dedicated to marine dynamic environment monitoring. It will take over the role of the HY-2B satellite, which was launched in 2018, and work in conjunction with the HY-2C and HY-2D satellites. This constellation aims to deliver continuous data crucial for marine observation and forecasting services.
Equipped with four advanced microwave remote sensing instruments, the HY-2E satellite is designed to gather comprehensive details about sea surface conditions. These instruments will track sea surface height, wave height, wind fields, and sea surface temperature. The data collected is expected to significantly enhance marine weather forecasting accuracy, climate studies, and research into events like El Niño.
Over the past decade, the Haiyang-2 satellite program has been instrumental in disaster prevention, maritime safety, and scientific research. The satellites have provided valuable data for monitoring typhoons, supporting tsunami early warning systems, and refining global numerical weather prediction models. Furthermore, their observations have aided in marine resource management and bolstered national maritime security efforts.
Beyond their contributions to weather and climate science, the Haiyang-2 series offers practical advantages to the fishing and shipping industries. Data on ocean currents, wind, and waves help pinpoint productive fishing areas, allowing for more efficient and cost-effective operations. Since the launch of HY-2B, these satellites have also featured an Automatic Identification System (AIS), ensuring continuous tracking of vessel positions, speeds, and identification details, thereby enhancing navigation safety along busy maritime routes.